{"id":8170,"date":"2022-06-13T19:49:04","date_gmt":"2022-06-13T19:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/?page_id=8170"},"modified":"2023-02-23T23:56:47","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T23:56:47","slug":"medical-and-scientific-research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/medical-and-scientific-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Medical and Scientific Research"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_two_third-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_two_third-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_two_third-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_two_third  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1 data-fontsize=\"32\" data-lineheight=\"36\">Medical and Scientific Research<\/h1>\n<p>There are hundreds of studies and articles documenting Topical Steroid Addiction and\u00a0Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome. Below are a selection of some of the most salient articles that provide a good introduction to the scientific literature.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_two_third  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff av_one_full  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11157\" style=\"width: 378px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/188\/2\/288\/6795529?login=false\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11157\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11157\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-300x49.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"368\" height=\"60\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-300x49.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-1030x167.png 1030w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-768x124.png 768w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-705x114.png 705w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-1210x200.png 1210w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-450x73.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM.png 1236w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11157\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: British Journal of Dermatology<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/188\/2\/288\/6795529?login=false\"><strong>\u201cTopical corticosteroid withdrawal syndrome: the patient community <\/strong><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/188\/2\/288\/6795529?login=false\"><strong>call for high-quality research, clear definitions and diagnostic criteria\u201d<\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Laura Howells, Holly Broome, Alice Burleigh, Harriet Hammond, Farhan Ismail, Andrew Proctor, Amanda Roberts, Kim S. Thomas, Paul Leighton.\u00a0<i>British Journal of Dermatology<\/i>, Volume 188, Issue 2, February 2023, Pages 288\u2013289, DOI: 10.1093\/bjd\/ljac067\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff av_one_full  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11227\" style=\"width: 328px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.annallergy.org\/article\/S1081-1206%2822%2901813-0\/fulltext#%20\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11227\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11227 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.53.31-PM-300x169.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"318\" height=\"179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.53.31-PM-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.53.31-PM-450x254.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.53.31-PM.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11227\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.annallergy.org\/article\/S1081-1206%2822%2901813-0\/fulltext#%20\"><strong>&#8220;Corticosteroid Exposure and Cumulative Effects <\/strong><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.annallergy.org\/article\/S1081-1206%2822%2901813-0\/fulltext#%20\"><strong>in Patients with Eczema: Results from a Patient Survey&#8221;<\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kelly Barta, Luz S. Fonacier, MD, Mary Hart, RRT, Peter Lio, MD, Kathryn Tullos, RN, Belinda Sheary, BMed, Tonya Winders, MBA.\u00a0<\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annals of Allergy<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>, Asthma and Immunology<\/em>, September 2022.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DOI:10.1016\/j.anai.2022.09.031<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff av_one_full  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11157\" style=\"width: 335px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bjd.21770\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11157\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11157\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-300x49.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"325\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-300x49.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-1030x167.png 1030w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-768x124.png 768w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-705x114.png 705w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-1210x200.png 1210w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM-450x73.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.31.40-PM.png 1236w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 325px) 100vw, 325px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11157\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: British Journal of Dermatology<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bjd.21770\"><strong>&#8220;Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome &#8211; Time to Bridge the Gap&#8221;<\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cotter, et al. <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">British Journal of Dermatology<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, July 14, 2022. DOI: 10.1111\/bjd.21770<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11194\" style=\"width: 244px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211020040144\/https:\/\/www.npstudentmagazine.com\/cover-stories\/what-every-np-should-know-about-tsw\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11194\" class=\"wp-image-11194 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.23.49-PM-300x128.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"234\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.23.49-PM-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.23.49-PM-710x304.png 710w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.23.49-PM-705x300.png 705w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.23.49-PM-450x192.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.23.49-PM.png 714w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 234px) 100vw, 234px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11194\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: NP Student Magazine<\/p><\/div>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211020040144\/https:\/\/www.npstudentmagazine.com\/cover-stories\/what-every-np-should-know-about-tsw\/\">\u201cWhat Every NP Should Know About TSW\u201d<\/a> <\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Kathryn Tullos, RN, <em>NP Student Magazine<\/em>, October, 2021<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff av_one_full  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11158\" style=\"width: 339px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/long-term-continual-use-of-topical-steroids-linked-to-skin-withdrawal-side-effects?fbclid=IwAR09KIqqQUlf5T6kawdb7q-UZmXMwJa7t145YHWt_F9UvwDCa62915PEVk0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11158\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11158\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.42.59-PM-300x81.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"329\" height=\"89\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.42.59-PM-300x81.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.42.59-PM-768x206.png 768w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.42.59-PM-705x189.png 705w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.42.59-PM-450x121.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-3.42.59-PM.png 886w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11158\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: GOV.UK<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/long-term-continual-use-of-topical-steroids-linked-to-skin-withdrawal-side-effects?fbclid=IwAR09KIqqQUlf5T6kawdb7q-UZmXMwJa7t145YHWt_F9UvwDCa62915PEVk0\"><strong>Press release: \u201cLong-term continual use of topical steroids linked to skin withdrawal side effects&#8221;<\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n<p>From: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, published September 15, 2021<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11217\" style=\"width: 237px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nationaleczema.org\/blog\/tsw-need-to-know\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11217\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11217 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.17.25-PM-300x152.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"227\" height=\"115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.17.25-PM-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-5.17.25-PM.png 394w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11217\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: NEA<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><\/h4>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nationaleczema.org\/tsw-need-to-know\/\"> \u201cTSW: What the Eczema Community Needs to Know Now\u201d<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Eczema Association article,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0published March 2021<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_11182\" style=\"width: 351px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skinhealthinfo.org.uk\/national-eczema-society-and-british-association-of-dermatologists-joint-position-statement-on-topical-steroid-withdrawal\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11182\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11182 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.09.32-PM-300x111.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"341\" height=\"126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.09.32-PM-300x111.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.09.32-PM-705x261.png 705w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.09.32-PM-450x166.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Screen-Shot-2023-02-23-at-4.09.32-PM.png 730w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11182\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: BAD<\/p><\/div>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skinhealthinfo.org.uk\/national-eczema-society-and-british-association-of-dermatologists-joint-position-statement-on-topical-steroid-withdrawal\/\">National Eczema Society and British Association of Dermatologists joint position statement on Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Published January 18, 2021<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-826c1c0ca2001783299b013bb6b50dff av_one_full  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7425\" style=\"width: 271px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25592622\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7425\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7425 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.24.19-AM-300x85.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"261\" height=\"74\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.24.19-AM-300x85.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.24.19-AM-450x128.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.24.19-AM.png 458w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 261px) 100vw, 261px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-7425\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25592622\/\">\u201cA systematic review of topical corticosteroid withdrawal (\u201csteroid addiction\u201d) in patients with atopic dermatitis and other dermatoses\u201d<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>The National Eczema Association Task Force: Tamar Hajar MD, Yael A. Leshem MD, Jon Hanifin MD, Susan T. Nedorost MD, Peter Lio MD, Amy S. Paller MD, Julie Block BA, Eric L. Simpson MD,\u00a0<em>Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology<\/em>, 2015 March, 72(3), pp. 541-549.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-1' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-1'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-1' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Abstract:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25592622\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25592622<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>When to consider TSWS rather than a typical \u201cflare-up\u201d<\/b>: \u201cBurning and stinging are the most frequently reported symptoms with erythema [redness] being the most common sign. Signs and symptoms occur days to weeks after topical corticosteroid (TCS) discontinuation. More data are needed regarding the frequency and duration of use that predisposes to this condition. Further, there are no data regarding the prevalence of this condition. It is also unclear whether children are actually less likely to develop this disorder or that cases of TCS withdrawal in the pediatric population are underreported&#8230;Extrapolating from our review, a clinician should favor TCS withdrawal over a flareup of the underlying atopic dermatitis if the following features are present: (1) burning is the prominent symptom, (2) confluent erythema occurs within days to weeks of TCS discontinuation, and (3) a history of frequent, prolonged TCS use on the face or genital region.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><b>Key points:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Although many of the side effects of TCS are addressed in guidelines, TCS addiction is not.<\/li>\n<li>Burning and stinging were the most frequently reported symptoms with erythema [redness of the skin] being the most common sign.<\/li>\n<li>TCS withdrawal syndrome can be divided into papulopustular and erythematoedematous subtypes, with the latter presenting with more burning and edema.<\/li>\n<li>TCS withdrawal is likely a distinct clinical adverse effect of TCS. Patients and providers should be aware of its clinical presentation and risk factors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_one_full  avia-builder-el-28  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7059\" style=\"width: 279px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4207549\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7059\" class=\"wp-image-7059 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-18-at-10.03.00-AM-300x203.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-18-at-10.03.00-AM-300x203.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-18-at-10.03.00-AM-450x304.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-18-at-10.03.00-AM.png 524w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 269px) 100vw, 269px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-7059\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Dovepress<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><\/h3>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4207549\/\">\u201cTopical Steroid Addiction in Atopic Dermatitis\u201d<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Mototsugu Fukaya MD, et al. <em>Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety<\/em><i>,\u00a0<\/i>2014;6: pp.131\u2013138.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-30  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-2' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-2'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-2' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Full text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4207549\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4207549\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Response to questions posed by the National Eczema Association (NEA)<\/b>: \u201cHere, we describe the clinical features of topical steroid addiction or red burning skin syndrome, based on the treatment of many cases of the illness. Because there have been few articles in the medical literature regarding this illness, the description in this article will be of some benefit to better understand the illness and to spur discussion regarding topical steroid addiction or red burning skin syndrome.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key points:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cAs the NEA expressed the end points of its research as some interrogative sentences on its website, the authors also will try to describe the illness by answering those questions.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>How do you define steroid addiction?<\/li>\n<li>What are the clinical findings of steroid addiction?<\/li>\n<li>What do the skin lesions look like, and how are they different from eczema?<\/li>\n<li>Where on the body does it usually occur?<\/li>\n<li>What strength of steroid and usage pattern leads to steroid addiction?<\/li>\n<li>How is steroid addiction treated?<\/li>\n<li>How common is steroid addiction syndrome?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Other resources from Dr. Fukaya:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cImprovement of Atopic Dermatitis After Discontinuation of Topical Corticosteroid Treatment.\u201d Mototsugu Fukaya, MD.\u00a0<i>Archives of Dermatology.\u00a0<\/i>2000;136(5):679-680. Abstract\u201d\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/archderm.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?articleid=190182\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/archderm.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?articleid=190182<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Risk factors underestimated:<\/b>\u00a0\u201cTopical corticosteroids are a useful form of treatment for atopic dermatitis. However, patients are likely to be addicted after long-term treatment. \u00a0This paradoxical phenomenon has so far been underestimated, and improvement following the temporary rebound flare after discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy has been entirely ignored.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cChange of housing environment and withdrawal of corticosteroid as treatments of atopic dermatitis.\u201d Mototsugu Fukaya, MD.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/?term=Fukaya++M+Change+of+housing+environment+and+withdrawal+of+corticosteroid+as+treatments+of+atopic+dermatitis.+Jpn+J+Allergol.+1999%3B48520-+525#\"><i>Arerugi<\/i>.<\/a>\u00a01999 May;48(5):520-5. Abstract:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10390899\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10390899<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>English translation of Dr. Fukays\u2019s online book \u2013 \u201cAtopy Steroid Addiction in Japan.\u201d Full Text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/topicalsteroidaddiction.weebly.com\/\">http:\/\/topicalsteroidaddiction.weebly.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mototsugufukaya.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Fukaya\u2019s Blog about Topical Steroid Addiction<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_one_full  avia-builder-el-32  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7442\" style=\"width: 328px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7442\" class=\"wp-image-7442 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.42.23-AM-300x66.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"318\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.42.23-AM-300x66.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.42.23-AM-450x100.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.42.23-AM.png 524w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7442\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Dermatology Times<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\">\u201cTopical corticosteroid addiction may be to blame when \u2018rash\u2019 defies treatment\u201d<\/h4>\n<p>Paula Moyer, <em>Dermatology Times<\/em>, 1 October 2012.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-3' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-3'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-3' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Full text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dermatologytimes.modernmedicine.com\/dermatology-times\/news\/modernmedicine\/modern-medicine-news\/topical-corticosteroid-addiction-may-be-b?page=full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/dermatologytimes.modernmedicine.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>TSWS is different from eczema<\/b>: \u201cWhen examining the patient, look at the erythematous lesions. They will have a different appearance from classic eczema. Atopic dermatitis typically has excoriated, lichenified lesions in the antecubital and popliteal areas. In contrast, patients with steroid-induced dermatitis have distant pruritic papules, nummular wet lesions and general skin vasodilation.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><b>Key points:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rather than an elusive allergen that defies treatment, the problem may be the treatment itself<\/li>\n<li>Pain medication, sleep aids, anti-anxiety medication and antihistamines can temporarily ameliorate the itch until the withdrawal reaction subsides<\/li>\n<li>Several months may pass before the flares subside<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-35  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_one_full  avia-builder-el-36  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7445\" style=\"width: 363px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21220878\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7445\" class=\"wp-image-7445 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.46.23-AM-300x102.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"353\" height=\"120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.46.23-AM-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.46.23-AM-450x153.png 450w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.46.23-AM.png 570w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-7445\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21220878\/\">\u201cTopical corticosteroid-induced rosacea-like dermatitis: a clinical study of 110 cases\u201d<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Sanjay K Rathi MD and Leishiwon Kumrah MD,\u00a0<em>Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology<\/em>, 2011,Volume 77, Issue 1, pp 42-46.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-4' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-4'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-4' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Full Text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21220878\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21220878<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Use of topical steroids can cause dermatitis with no previous underlying skin disease:<\/strong>\u00a0\u201cA total of 110 patients were enrolled for the study over a period of 2 years, excluding all those with the known disease entity in which topical steroids were commonly used. . .The duration of topical steroid use ranged from 4 months to 20 years. The most common clinical presentation was diffuse erythema (redness) of the face. Most of the patients had rebound phenomenon on discontinuation of the steroid.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Varied clinical presentations are seen with prolonged and continuous use of topical steroids.<\/li>\n<li>The most common topical steroid used was Betamethasone valerate, which could be due to its easy availability and low cost.<\/li>\n<li>The treatment of this dermatitis is difficult, requiring complete cessation of the offending steroid, usually done in a tapering fashion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div><div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-39  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_one_full  avia-builder-el-40  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7449\" style=\"width: 238px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/nursing\/Citation\/2007\/09000\/Facing_up_to_withdrawal_from_topical_steroids.46.aspx\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7449\" class=\"wp-image-7449 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.56.22-AM-288x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"228\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.56.22-AM-288x300.png 288w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.56.22-AM-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.56.22-AM.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 228px) 100vw, 228px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-7449\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Nursing 2007<\/p><\/div>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h4>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/nursing\/Citation\/2007\/09000\/Facing_up_to_withdrawal_from_topical_steroids.46.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facing up to withdrawal from topical steroids<\/a>\u201d<\/h4>\n<p>Mary C. Smith, RN, MSN; Susan Nedorost, MD; and Brandie Tackett, MD, <em>Nursing<\/em>, September 2007, vol 37, issue 9, pp 60-61.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-42  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-5' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-5'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-5' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Full text:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/nursing\/pages\/articleviewer.aspx?year=2007&amp;issue=09000&amp;article=00046&amp;type=Citation\">https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/nursing\/Citation\/2007\/09000\/Facing_up_to_withdrawal_from_topical_steroids.46.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Recognizing steroid addiction in patients and supporting patient needs following cessation of topical steroids<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: \u201cMANY AMERICANS have chronic skin conditions such as seborrhea and eczema that affect the face. These conditions can cause erythema and pruritus and make the face look dry and scaly. Topical corticosteroids applied to the face to treat these symptoms can cause steroid rosacea and steroid addiction syndrome, resulting in new symptoms that perpetuate the topical steroid usage.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Topical corticosteroids used on the face for longer than two weeks can cause \u201csevere burning and redness upon stopping the medication, which is called <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">steroid addiction syndrome.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temporary rebound flare may present upon stopping topical corticosteroids for topical steroid addicted patients.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symptoms of steroid addiction may include: \u201cerythema, a burning sensation, papules and pustules.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medical reconciliation is advised including reviewing possible sources of unlabeled steroids with patients.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div><div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-43  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_one_full  avia-builder-el-44  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7424\" style=\"width: 240px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7424\" class=\"wp-image-7424 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.24.02-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"230\" height=\"215\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7424\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Medical Hypotheses<\/p><\/div>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15617870\/\">\u201cPrevalence of atopic diseases and the use of topical corticosteroids. Is there any connection?\u201d<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>AN Pampura, MD,\u00a0<em>Medical Hypotheses<\/em>, 2005;64(3):575-8.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-46  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-6' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-6'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-6' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Abstract:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15617870\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15617870<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Atopic diseases on the rise in developed countries:\u00a0<\/b>\u201cThe prevalence of atopic diseases (atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis) has considerably increased for the last 40 years. This tendency has coincided with the beginning of the epoch of the use of the topical corticosteroids, which have a potent immunomodulation action.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><b>Key points:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use of topical corticosteroids in children of early age contributes to the increase of prevalence of atopic diseases in developed countries.<\/li>\n<li>Lower prevalence of atopic diseases in rural areas and in children from families with the anthroposophic lifestyle.<\/li>\n<li>Increased level of atopic diseases among people with higher socioeconomic level and in children from 1 child families.<\/li>\n<li>Corticosteroid use in developing countries is limited due to economic reasons and active use of complementary medicine.<\/li>\n<li>If the proposed hypothesis is correct, a revision of the therapeutic approach is necessary concerning the attitude toward application of topical corticosteroids in children suffering from various forms of eczema.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div><div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-47  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-15d750bd1b332b34c6e70b077ebbccdf av_one_full  avia-builder-el-48  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7435\" style=\"width: 237px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0738081X02003656\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7435\" class=\"wp-image-7435 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.35.54-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"227\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.35.54-AM.png 222w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.35.54-AM-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.35.54-AM-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.35.54-AM-180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Screen-Shot-2022-05-28-at-8.35.54-AM-120x120.png 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-7435\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Clinics in Dermatology<\/p><\/div>\n<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0738081X02003656\">\u201cCorticosteroid Addiction and Withdrawal in the Atopic: The Red Burning Skin Syndrome\u201d<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Marvin J. Rapaport, MD and Mark Lebwohl, MD.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/journal\/0738081X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i>Clinics in Dermatology<\/i><\/a>. Volume 21, Issue 3, May\u2013June 2003, pp. 201\u2013214<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-50  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-56d8a671a65ede89bc8685ff1da8467d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-7' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-7'>View summary and key points <span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-7' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Abstract:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0738081X02003656\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0738081X02003656<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>TSWS is caused by \u201ccorticosteroid addiction\u201d: \u201c<\/b>This paper expands our previous observations to include patients with similar syndromes localized in other body areas.These conditions similarly resolved upon discontinuation of corticosteroids, suggesting that a significant proportion of these syndromes are attributable to chronic corticosteroid usage and \u201ccorticosteroid addiction.\u201d The medical literature pertaining to these syndromes usually has implicated sun exposure, occult allergens, or psychosomatic reactions as the cause of ongoing skin eruptions. We consider \u201ccorticosteroid addiction\u201d of the skin to be the pertinent etiologic factor in the majority of these patients.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><b>Key points:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Typical presentation \u2013 \u201cWithdrawal symptoms, manifested by angry erythema and burning, were long-lasting and severe.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Addiction patterns \u2013 \u201cAll of these patients had been treated with long-term topical corticosteroids, usually with escalating dosage and frequency of application. \u00a0In the majority of patients, the initial symptom of pruritus commonly evolved into a characteristic, severe burning sensation. In many cases, systemic corticosteroids had also been administered to relieve the severe erythema and burning, but this only exacerbated the condition.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Withdrawal patterns \u2013 \u201cThe pattern of corticosteroid withdrawal was usually quite characteristic. Seven to 10 days after corticosteroids were stopped, an initial flare of erythema occurred at the site of the original dermatitis, accompanied by local spread and marked burning. This flare lasted anywhere from 7 to 14 days and culminated with exfoliation.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Time frames for recovery \u2013 \u201cThis pattern of flare and quiescence repeated itself but each time with flares of shorter duration and more prolonged quiescent periods. Edema, burning, and erythema decreased with each episode of flare.\u201d \u00a0\u201cThe time required for corticosteroid withdrawal mirrored the time over which they had originally been applied, and was often protracted.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Mechanism for how steroid addiction occurs is not understood \u2013 \u201cPossible mechanisms might involve an effect on the \u201cskin immune system,\u201d a direct effect on blood vessels in the skin or effects on the pituitary-adrenal axis.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Other resources from Dr. Rapaport:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cThe red skin syndromes: corticosteroid addiction and withdrawal.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/informahealthcare.com\/action\/doSearch?Contrib=Rapaport%2C+M+J\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marvin J Rapaport<\/a>, MD and Vicki Rapaport, MD.\u00a0<i>Expert Review of Dermatology.<\/i>\u00a0August 2006, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 547-561.<\/p>\n<p>Abstract:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/informahealthcare.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1586\/17469872.1.4.547\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/informahealthcare.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1586\/17469872.1.4.547<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Full text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rapdermbh.com\/PDFs\/red-skin.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.rapdermbh.com\/PDFs\/red-skin.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cEyelid dermatitis to red face syndrome to cure: clinical experience in 100 cases.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Marvin J. Rapaport MD, Vicki H. Rapaport MD.\u00a0<i>J Am Acad Dermatol<\/i>. 1999 Sep;41(3 Pt 1):435-42.<\/p>\n<p>Abstract:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10459119\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10459119<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Full Text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rapdermbh.com\/clinic\/press\/eyelid-dermatitis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.rapdermbh.com\/clinic\/press\/eyelid-dermatitis\/<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cSerum Nitric Oxide Levels in \u201cRed\u201d Patients: Separating Corticosteroid-Addicted Patients From Those With Chronic Eczema\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Marvin J. Rapaport, MD; Vicki H. Rapaport, MD.\u00a0<i>Archives of Dermatology.\u00a0<\/i>2004;140(8):1013-1014.<\/p>\n<p>Full text:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/archderm.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?articleid=480695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/archderm.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?articleid=480695<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>FOX 11 News Feature Story:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bU2_ikRu4kA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Rapaport on Red Skin Syndrome<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div><div  class='hr av-av_hr-0ff602b3e980a3377077ff3c1c834df6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-51  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-52  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2de302bf1aa3cf4c9157dbe6f50ac7eb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 data-fontsize=\"24\" data-lineheight=\"30\">Additional articles<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n<div class='flex_column_table av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-67adf0f1abfc2242a214758f2160949a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-54  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><div  class='togglecontainer av-av_toggle_container-8e0c6e39d39b619a829887bd54fff3ed  avia-builder-el-55  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-av_toggle-cb446b7b3496a02bad67b2d41025010b'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-8' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-8'>View More<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-8' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21393945\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Topical corticosteroid abuse on the face: a prospective, multicenter study of dermatology outpatients.<\/a>\u201d Saraswat A, Lahiri K, Chatterjee M, Barua S, Coondoo A, Mittal A, Panda S, Rajagopalan M, Sharma R, Abraham A, Verma SB, Srinivas CR. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology. 2011 Mar-Apr;77(2):160-6.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19445310\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Steroid-induced rosacea-like dermatitis: case report and review of the literature.<\/a>\u201d Chen AY, Zirwas MJ. Cutis. 2009 Apr;83(4):198-204.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12046812\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Steroid dermatitis resembling rosacea: aetiopathogenesis and treatment.<\/a>\u201d Ljubojeviae S1, Basta-Juzbasiae A, Lipozen\u00e8iae J. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2002 Mar;16(2):121-6.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4171914\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Topical Corticosteroid Addiction and Phobia.<\/a>\u201d Aparajita Ghosh, Sujata Sengupta, Arijit Coondoo, and Amlan Kusum Jana. Indian Journal of Dermatology. 2014 Sep-Oct; 59(5): 465\u2013468.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4228634\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Side-effects of topical steroids: A long overdue revisit<\/a>\u201d Arijit Coondoo, Meghana Phiske, Shyam Verma, and Koushik Lahiri. Indian Dermatology Online Journal. 2014 Oct-Dec; 5(4): 416\u2013425. (this has a long section about rebound phenomenon and steroid addiction)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8170","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"campaignId":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8170"}],"version-history":[{"count":59,"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11266,"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8170\/revisions\/11266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itsan.org\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}